President Bill Clinton Essay -- Biography

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton succeeded where no other Democrat since Franklin had. He was reappointed to a second term as President. Clinton likewise refuted a large portion of his faultfinders, enduring the individual embarrassments that came to fruition. During his administration, Clinton broke guarantees and bombed in specific zones, however he despite everything had backing of the American individuals. Significantly after his issue with Monica Lewinsky, the individuals despite everything needed him in office. They loved what he was accomplishing for the nation and bolstered him regardless. Bill Clinton was a significant president in American history, even through his own embarrassments and broken guarantees. William Jefferson Clinton, presently known as Bill Clinton, was conceived on August 19, 1946. He went through the initial six years of his life in Hope, Arkansas. William Jefferson Blythe, Clinton's dad, kicked the bucket in a car crash three months before his mom, Virginia Cassidy Blythe, brought forth him. Clinton was brought up in his grandma, Edith Cassidy's home. His mom was regularly away from home taking nursing classes in New Orleans. It was as of now when Clinton's grandma instructed him to peruse at an early age (American President 1). In 1950, Bill's mom wedded Roger Clinton. Roger was a vehicle seller and a damaging heavy drinker. Bill Clinton went to state funded schools in Hot Springs, Arkansas. The entire family at that point moved to Hope, Arkansas, about an hour from Hot Springs. At the point when Bill was 15, his mom separated Roger Clinton, just to remarry him rapidly after. As an adolescent kid, Clinton was fixated on legislative issues. He won understudy decisions in secondary school, and later at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. Clinton moved on from Yale Law School and moved back to his home province of Arkans... ...dn't occur, he hugy affected Americans, particularly monetarily, and they bolstered him all through his presidential profession. During Clinton's administration, the nation had probably the longest time of financial development ever (Dumas 1). List of sources Gerhardt, Michael J. The Impeachment and Acquittal of William Jefferson Clinton. The Clinton Scandal and the Future of American Government. Ed. Imprint J. Rozell and Clyde Wilcox. Washington,D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2000. 142-148. American President: Biography of President Bill Clinton. Miller Center of Public Affairs. Ed. Russell L. Riley. 2008. College of Virginia. 21 Feb. 2008 . Bill Clinton. MSN Encarta. Ed. Ernest C. Dumas. 2007. 1 Mar. 2008 .

James Madison and Benjamin Franklin essays

James Madison and Benjamin Franklin expositions James Madison examined both old and present day alliances and concluded that the alliance wouldnt last on the off chance that it just made standards to coordinate the state. The alliance must be useful for the people of each state. Madison composed a paper about alliances and drew up a framework of another arrangement of government. This diagram turned into the premise of the Virginia Plan. He upheld the utilization of populace so as to give bigger states more force. He additionally suggested that the lower assembly be chosen for shorter timeframes. Madison kept cautious records of the Convention and took on a main job in discusses. Madison persuaded his states agents to help the constitution despite the fact that two Virginia pioneers, George Mason and Edmund Randolph, were against parts of the constitution. He additionally composed 29 of the papers in The Federalist which was composed to persuade individuals in each state to endorse the constitution and supported the constitution when Virginia was planning to decide on approval. Benjamin Franklin was 81 years of age when he went to the Constitutional Convention. Franklin accepted that rather than a president that the administration should have an official board and a solitary assembly. Despite the fact that the things he needed were not part of the constitution, he gave a significant discourse on the most recent day of the show requesting that everybody acknowledge the trade offs and called for consistent help of the constitution. At the point when he made a movement for a vote that the constitution to be collectively passed, his movement was promptly conveyed. James Madison was a youngster when he went to the Constitutional Convention. He had examined and arranged a proposition for the constitution that he needed utilized. He played a main job in the discussions and gave numerous addresses on the side of the constitution and composed numerous articles to help get the constitution endorsed. Benjamin Franklin was an elderly person and was in unexpected frailty b... <!

Helping You Break Down Brackets

Helping You Break Down Brackets Confused about the correct use of brackets in English writing? Dont worry, youre not the only one. The good news is that there are limited uses for brackets in most citation or formatting styles, so there arent very many rules to learn.The most common use of brackets in academic writing and journalism is to add editorial content that is not otherwise part of the original quote. Writers and editors do this for several reasons, including:To clarifyExample: The speaker noted, That year [1990] was the year we saw success.In the above example, the writer has added [1990] to clarify the year to which the speaker was referring. This was done because the audience reading the quote would not otherwise know this information, usually because it was not included in the context of the quote (but elsewhere in a speech or piece of writing).To translateExample: He looked deeply into her eyes and said, je taime [I love you].In the above example, the speaker didnt speak the words in English. This was added by the writer or editor to translate words that the audience might not know the meaning of.To indicate a change in capitalizationExample: [J]ust dont text and drive, said the teacher.In the above example, the quote was taken from the middle of a sentence, I dont care how much youre on your phone when youre at home, but just dont text and drive. Since the writer or editor only wished to use part of the quote, the small case j was changed to a capital letter, so brackets were needed for it.To indicate an errorWhen quoting someone who makes an error in their speech or written words, brackets are often used around the word sic.Example: He were [sic] a thief yesterday, said the store owner, when filing a police report.To note added emphasisA writer will often add visual emphasis to a word to get the reader to focus on it and when this happens, those changes should be noted in brackets.Example: Our world is a much [emphasis added] different now that social media has taken over, she said.To note objectionable content that has been removedWhen a writer chooses to intentionally leave out objectionable content from a quote, brackets are used to note that removal.Example: Get the [expletive] out of here now, he shouted.To separate levels of parenthetical parts of the sentenceThis is not something you will encounter often, but when it happens, brackets can be used to create another level of parentheses in a sentence.Example: In his research on the mating habits of the shark, Bedford noted the role that environment must play in ensuring a healthy population (see Luther et. al [2011] for the details of this research).

Helping You Break Down Brackets

Helping You Break Down Brackets Confused about the correct use of brackets in English writing? Dont worry, youre not the only one. The good news is that there are limited uses for brackets in most citation or formatting styles, so there arent very many rules to learn.The most common use of brackets in academic writing and journalism is to add editorial content that is not otherwise part of the original quote. Writers and editors do this for several reasons, including:To clarifyExample: The speaker noted, That year [1990] was the year we saw success.In the above example, the writer has added [1990] to clarify the year to which the speaker was referring. This was done because the audience reading the quote would not otherwise know this information, usually because it was not included in the context of the quote (but elsewhere in a speech or piece of writing).To translateExample: He looked deeply into her eyes and said, je taime [I love you].In the above example, the speaker didnt speak the words in English. This was added by the writer or editor to translate words that the audience might not know the meaning of.To indicate a change in capitalizationExample: [J]ust dont text and drive, said the teacher.In the above example, the quote was taken from the middle of a sentence, I dont care how much youre on your phone when youre at home, but just dont text and drive. Since the writer or editor only wished to use part of the quote, the small case j was changed to a capital letter, so brackets were needed for it.To indicate an errorWhen quoting someone who makes an error in their speech or written words, brackets are often used around the word sic.Example: He were [sic] a thief yesterday, said the store owner, when filing a police report.To note added emphasisA writer will often add visual emphasis to a word to get the reader to focus on it and when this happens, those changes should be noted in brackets.Example: Our world is a much [emphasis added] different now that social media has taken over, she said.To note objectionable content that has been removedWhen a writer chooses to intentionally leave out objectionable content from a quote, brackets are used to note that removal.Example: Get the [expletive] out of here now, he shouted.To separate levels of parenthetical parts of the sentenceThis is not something you will encounter often, but when it happens, brackets can be used to create another level of parentheses in a sentence.Example: In his research on the mating habits of the shark, Bedford noted the role that environment must play in ensuring a healthy population (see Luther et. al [2011] for the details of this research).

Alan Shepard First American in Space

Alan Shepard was part of the first group of seven astronauts selected by NASA in 1959, then a nascent agency created to secure Americas place in the Space Race against the former Soviet Union. Shepard, a military test pilot, became the first American to fly in space in 1961, and then went to the Moon in 1971 as commander of the Apollo 14 space mission. Fast Facts: Alan Shepard Full Name: Alan Bartlett Shepard, Jr.Known For: Astronaut, first American to fly in spaceBorn: November 18, 1923, in East Derry, New HampshireDied: July 21, 1998, in Monterey, CaliforniaParents: Alan B. Shepard, Sr. and Pauline Renza ShepardSpouse: Louise BrewerChildren: Laura and Juliana, and also raised niece, Alice  Education: United States Naval Academy, Naval War CollegeInteresting Fact: Alan Shepard was one of the original seven astronauts selected by NASA. His claim to fame, the first voyage to space, was a 15-minute suborbital flight aboard the  Freedom 7 spacecraft in 1961. He later became the first astronaut to play golf on the Moon during the Apollo 14 mission in 1971. Early Life Alan Bartlett Shepard, Jr. was born on November 18, 1923, in East Derry, New Hampshire, to Alan B. Shepard, Sr. and Pauline R. Shepard. He attended Adams school in Derry, New Hampshire, and then Pinkerton Academy. Upon graduation from high school, he applied to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis but had to wait a year because he was too young to enter. He finally began attending the Academy in 1941 and graduated in 1944 with a Bachelor of Science degree. During his time at Annapolis, Shepard excelled at sailing and ended up racing in regattas.   Navy Service Shepard served during the final years of World War II aboard a destroyer before moving on to the Naval Air Station at Corpus Christi, Texas. While on duty aboard the destroyer, he married his longtime sweetheart, Louise Brewer. After arriving in Texas, he started basic flight training, supplemented with private flying lessons. He received his naval aviator wings and then was assigned to a fighter squadron.   In 1950, Shepard transferred to the United States Naval Test Pilot School at Patuxent River in Maryland. There, he made a number of flights and exploited his maverick status on more than one occasion. At one point, he flew under the Chesapeake Bay Bridge and made low passes over Ocean City, earning a threat of a court-martial. He avoided that, but the incident cemented his reputation as a troublemaker.   Shepard was next assigned to a night fighter squadron out of Moffat Field, California. After several years of flying various aircraft, Shepard attracted the attention of astronaut recruiters. The U.S. governments urgency to reach space grew in response to the Soviet Unions successful Sputnik flight in 1957, while the United States was scrambling to build up a space presence. Before leaving the Navy, Shepard had logged more than 3,600 hours of flying time. He had attended Naval War College and worked as an Aircraft Readiness Officer for the Atlantic Fleet.   Astronaut Alan Shepard undergoes suiting up operations during Apollo 14. NASA Johnson Space Center (NASA-JSC) NASA Career Alan Shepard was selected to be an astronaut for the newly formed National Aeronautics and Space Administration on April 1, 1959. He immediately became part of the Mercury 7 group of trainees for Project Mercury. His first flight was aboard Freedom 7, which lifted off from Florida on May 5, 1961. By that time, the Russians had flown cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin to space, making Shepard the second human to go to space. While Gagarins flight had been an orbital mission, Shepards launch took him only on a 15-minute sub-orbital path, which nonetheless lifted American spirits and made him an instant hero. 5th May 1961: American astronaut Alan Bartlett Shepard Jnr shortly after his splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean. Shepards 15-minute sub-orbital flight to an altitude of 115 miles in the Freedom 7 capsule earned him the title of first American in space. MPI / Getty Images At the end of the Mercury missions, Shepard shifted over to work as Chief Astronaut on Project Gemini. He was supposed to be on the first flight, but a diagnosis of Menieres disease in his inner ear grounded him. His job instead was to develop astronaut training programs and work on the selection of the next astronaut candidates. Back to Flight Status In 1968, Shepard underwent surgery for his ear problems. After recuperation, he was put back on flight status, and Shepard began training for an upcoming Apollo mission. In January 1971, Shepard and his crew of Edgar Mitchell and Stuart Roosa lifted off aboard Apollo 14 for a trip to the Moon. At the time he was 47, and that made him the oldest person to make the trip. While there, Shepard brought out a makeshift golf club and swung at two balls across the lunar surface. The crew of Apollo 14: (L-R) Stuart Roosa, Alan Shepard, and Edgar Mitchell. They traveled to the Moon and back in early 1971. NASA After Apollo 14, Shepard returned to his duties in the Astronaut Office. He also served as a delegate to the UN under Richard Nixon and was promoted to rear admiral in 1971. Shepard stayed with NASA until 1974, when he retired.   Post-NASA Career and Later Life After his years at NASA, Alan Shepard was asked to sit on the boards of various corporations and groups. He invested in real estate and banking, amassing a considerable amount of money. He also founded the Mercury 7 scholarship foundation, which is now the Astronaut Scholarship Foundation. It provides tuition and expenses for students pursuing science and engineering.   Shepard began writing in retirement, publishing a book called Moon Shot in 1994. He was also made a fellow of the American Astronautical Society, and of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots. In addition, as a descendant of some of the first colonists in America, he was a member of the Mayflower Society. Shepard was also a director of the National Space Institute. Alan Shepard was diagnosed with leukemia in 1996. Despite aggressive treatment, he died from complications in 1998. His wife died a month after he did, and their ashes were scattered at sea together. Honors Astronaut Alan Shepard, his wife Louise, meeting President John F. Kennedy, Jacqueline Kennedy and vice-president Lyndon Johnson after the Freedom 7 flight. Public Domain For his many accomplishments, Alan B. Shepard was honored with numerous awards, including honorary doctorates, medals, and shrines at the Astronaut Hall of Fame and the International Space Hall of Fame. After his flight in Freedom 7, he and his wife were invited to the White House to meet President Kennedy and Jacqueline Kennedy, along with Vice President Lyndon Johnson. Kennedy presented him with the NASA Distinguished Service Medal. He later was given the Navy Distinguished Service Medal for his work on the Apollo 14 mission. More recently, the Blue Origins company named one of its rockets (designed to carry tourists to space), the New Shepard, in his memory.   The Navy has named a ship in his honor, and there are schools and post offices bearing his name, and more recently, the United States Post office issued a first-class stamp with his name and likeness on it. Shepard remains a popular figure among space enthusiasts, and he has been portrayed in a number of TV movies and miniseries. Sources â€Å"Admiral Alan B. Shepard, Jr., USN.† Academy of Achievement, www.achievement.org/achiever/admiral-alan-shepard-jr/.Godlewski, Nina. â€Å"Its Been 58 Years since Alan Shepard Blasted off to Space and Made American History.† Newsweek, 5 May 2018, www.newsweek.com/first-american-space-alan-shepard-911531.Chicago Tribune. â€Å"LOUISE SHEPARD DIES A MONTH AFTER HER ASTRONAUT HUSBAND.† Chicagotribune.com, 29 Aug. 2018, www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1998-08-27-9808280089-story.html.

Teen Suicide Rates in Alaska - 1186 Words

A Review of Temporal trends and geographic patterns of teen suicide in Alaska, 1979-1993. Bradford D Gessner. Suicide Life - Threatening Behavior. New York: Fall 1997. Vol. 27, Iss. 3; pg. 264, 10 pgs Temporal Trends and Geographic Patterns of Teen Suicide in Alaska, written by Bradford D. Gessner, reported the findings of a study on teen suicide rates in Alaska. Using death certificates and U.S. census data to record trends in suicide rates among Alaskan teens ages 14-19, it was found that the teen suicide rate was 31.5 per 100,000 persons each year. The study tested three hypotheses, the first being that the overall suicide rate of Alaska teens ages 14-19 during 1979-1993 would vary according to residence, gender, race, and†¦show more content†¦Gessner used correlational research (directly stated) in his study, as he examined the effect of different variables. For example, the two variables teen suicide and gender were found to covary together. â€Å"Besides determining suicide rates by census area, the correlation was determined between these rates and several census area-level demographic variables.† Correlational research involves chi-square and linear re gression tests – univariate, multivariate, and square root transformation – all of which were used in this study. â€Å"Risk ratios and Taylor series 95% CIs as well as chisquare tests for trend were calculated using Epi-Info computer software (Dean, Dean, Burton et al., 1995). Linear regression analyses were conducted with SPSS (Norusis, 1993).† Descriptive research was also employed in this study, as it involved the use of many statistics (e.g., suicide rate, number of Alaska teens ages 14-19.) Obtaining information about the current status of various phenomena allows one to describe what exists withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of John Green s Looking For Alaska 1423 Words   |  6 Pagesadulthood. The effects of these mental burdens can be seen in Looking for Alaska by John Green. Though several characters show traits connected to depression, these characteristics are seen more clearly the narrator’s love interest, Alaska. The book demonstrates many sym ptoms of mental illnesses among teens. Research shows that many differences exist between adolescent and adult depression. Green’s novel explores how teen depression must be viewed and handled with a different approach than mentalRead MoreMental Health Is A Never Ending Concern For The American Population Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagessuffer from mental health illness and like the Native American, and Alaskan Native it has become an epidemic and concern. 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As the people of America, we have very little knowledge of what suicide is doing. Suicide has turned into a bigger problem than anyone understands by claiming a higher percentage than any other reason for death in the US. It also has claimed an area of the country to host itself and is using the internet to ruin people’s lives. Suicide is a larger problem than other forms of death such as homicides and car crashes. In 2009, Suicide was

Christopher Seitz s The, The Divine, Miraculous...

I turned to a number of commentaries with these questions in mind. Christopher Seitz cites the opinion of C. Westermann that the salvation referred to in this chapter is brought about by â€Å"the divine, miraculous transformation of a condition, the nation’s oppression and impoverishment, into its opposite† rather than it being brought about by an historical event. Seitz comments that by God becoming Zion’s everlasting light, â€Å"Zion’s exaltation has cosmic, transnational consequences.† I found this unconvincing in the face of the fact that we have not seen the exaltation of Zion during the period of the text. One would have to remove it entirely from history and see this as an apocalyptic text, which my passed study of Isaiah has shown not to be true. I moved on to Joseph Blenkinsopp, who as usual, did not disappoint. Here I found the historical context of this section of Isaiah. Blenkinsopp referred back to Isaiah 58 to shed light on why the vision of theophany in Isaiah 60 had not been realized. Cyrus had release the Jews from Babylonian captivity, and those who wished to had returned to Jerusalem. But the â€Å"dominant frame of mind of the people being address (in Isaiah 58) is one of disorientation and disillusionment.† There is corruption in the government and judicial system, and among the religious leaders. The poor are neglected. Jerusalem suffers under â€Å"external pressures and internal dissention.† In chapter 60 the vision is unfulfilled; in chapter 58, God tells the

Study On Legal Protection Of Stakeholders -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Study On Legal Protection Of Stakeholders? Answer: Introduction Until 2016 Dick Smith Holdings Limited was a top name in the electronic components, electronic goods, and electronic project kits market in Australia. The company had a wide chain of retail stores that used to sell these electronic products to the consumers. Dick Smith founded the company in the year 1968 in Sydney with him and his wife as the owners of the company; however, in the year 1982 Woolworths Limited acquired the company. In the year 2016, the company was dissolved by creditors liquidation process. It is shocking to imagine that a company of $520 Million in valuation could fall so dramatically with in a period of three years, i.e. from 2013 to 2015. The dramatic fall of the company was due to the evens that occur during this period of three years that ultimately resulted in the dissolution of the company by creditors liquidation process in the year 2016. Analyzing and assessing the reasons of this dramatic collapse of one of the brightest companies in Australian Stock Exchange is the main objective of this document (Bill 2016). Though it seems that the ending story of Dick Smith Company has been written during these three year period from 2013 to 2015 however, it was nearly a half century ago that it was almost predestined that the company will end up in liquidation process which materialized at the beginning of 2016. In early January 2016 the companys banks called in the administrator to bring an end to the corporate veil of the company. The brief time that the company was lis ted in ASX and the prosperity of the company even shorter period was only an illusion. Background The period in which the company was in the hands of Woolworths Limited since it was acquired the company in the year 1982. During that period even when Woolworths was performing excellently, the company never mentioned its acquired company, i.e. Dick Smith as a well performer that should have made the investors as well as other stakeholders more aware of the probable fate of the company. In the year, 2012 Woolworths Limited took the company off its hands by transferring the company to Anchorage Capital. Anchorage Capital brought the company at a price of $115 Million in the year 2012, the company i.e. Dick Smith had no cash in hand at that time. A year later the company was floated with a valuation of $520 Million is a clear indication that the valuation was a faux and there was significant manipulation in accounting records to come up with that valuation (Giacalone and Rosenfeld 2013). Prospect of Fundraising In the year 2013, the company in its prospectus for fund raising asked its investors to invest in the business to earn substantial amount of return on their investments by showing the valuation of the company at $520 Million. As already mentioned there was significant manipulation to the accounts of the company to show such enormous valuation of a company which Anchorage Capital was bringing at a price of $115 Million with little cash in its hand. The window dressing of financial statements though helped the company initially but finally it the lack luster performance of the company caught up with it thus, resulted in subsequent dissolution of the company. Manipulation of accounts and Accounting policy The income statements of the company is analyzed for the last few years to assess how the accounts have been manipulated by the management to suppress the deteriorating operating and financial condition of the company over the last five years. According to the financial statements of the company sales in the year 2012 was $1369.5 Million which is far outstretched than the actual sales. The Profit after tax of the company in the year 2012 of $13.2 Million again an aberration of its actual performance. As a result of the manipulation of accounting records the financial statements showed a way better picture of the company than the actual position of the company. Due to the window dressing of the companys financial performance and position the company continued payment of dividend to its shareholders which further deteriorated the financial position of the company. The trend of manipulation of accounts continued as the 2013 results though showed a reduced amount of profit after tax at $ 6.7 Million, it was still way more than the actual profit of the company (Speelman et al. 2014). The manipulation of the accounts by charging depreciation at lower rates than should have been charged, by not providing for expenses which needed to be provided, by inflating sales, and suppressing the expenditures the management showed a better picture of the company than the reality. The manipulation of the accounts of the company could have easily been detected had the auditors been more cautious and careful in discharging their duties and responsibilities in accordance with the professional code of conduct and ethics to which they are subjected to. The sales figure of the company showed an increase as per the income statement of the company in the year 2014 with $1227.60 Million and the astonishing fact was the after tax profit of the company which according to the income statement of the company was $42.10 Million, highest in the last five years. A careful study of the financial st atement would have made it clear that unlike other years the company had charged much less amount of depreciation in its books. The sudden change in charge of depreciation along with reduction in the amount of provisions made for different expenditures as compare to the amount of provisions made by the company in earlier years are clear indications of manipulations of accounts. The sales figures were inflated to show better operating results of the company than the actual performances of the company in these years. In fact just the year before the company went into creditors liquidation, i.e. in the year 2015 the company according to its financial statements showed an after tax profit of $43.40 Million which is the highest amount of after tax profit that the company has posted in last 10 years of its operations (Creasey et al. 2016). Considering that the company went into compulsory liquidation process as a result of petition of its banks it is amply clear that these sales figures a s well as the consequent after tax profit figures all are inflated to show a better financial position of the company than the actual financial position of the company. In 2016 after continuous failure on the part of Dick Smith Holdings Limited to fulfill its commitments towards the banks the company went into a creditors liquidation process. This clearly shows the lack of transparency in financial reporting and accounting process. Corporate Governance and transparency in financial reporting The responsibility of the management of an organization is to not only manage the financial and operational activities of the organization but at the same time to give necessary importance to the corporate governance aspects of an organization. Corporate governance is the accumulation of different processes, systems and methods used by the management to direct and control the operations of an organization to achieve its objectives. The company had huge chain of retail stores however, the way it operated its retail chains across the country it left lot to be desired. The management in these retail stores of the company across different parts of the country did not had any standard set of operational rules and regulations. Thus, the management of different retail stores used different corporate practices to run business operations (Finkler et al. 2016). This played a crucial role in the outcome of the companys failure. It is important for any organization to have a standard set of corp orate governance rules and regulations that are to be followed by its employees and workers to help the organization in its endeavor to achieve its desired objectives. As a result of lack of corporate governance rules and regulations in the retail stores the company failed to make optimum utilization of its resources which contributed to the ultimate dissolution of the company (Cui ey al. 2016). The financial reporting of the company is another aspect of its functioning whether the transparency was quite low. In fact, a look at the financial statements over the last decade until its ultimate dissolution will make it clear that the management has changes its accounting policies and principles quite frequently. The changes in the method of charging depreciation on fixed assets to reduce the charge of depreciation in the last few years of its business operations was a clear effort on the part of the company to portray a better financial and operating position of the company than the actual reality. The company has also not followed the international financial reporting standards in order to prepare and present the financial statements of the company rather it has only followed the domestic mandatory standards to prepare its financial statements. Thus, the lack of transparency in financial reporting of the company has always been an issue with the stakeholders of the company. Th e fact that the company-undergone changes in the ownership structure because of firstly being sold to Woolworths Limited in 1982 than again to another company in the year 2012 have also not helped the matter. Because of the changes in ownership the financial reporting processes has also undergone significant changes that have only further reduced the transparency in financial reporting process (McKinney 2015). Appointment of administrator, receiver, and liquidator Since its listing in the ASX in December 2013 the company lost more than 80% of its initial, listing prices of its shares as of January 04, 2016. This compelled the management to request for halt in trading of its shares. However, the very next day, i.e. on 5th of January, 2016 National Australia Bank and HSBC Bank of Australia, two of the major creditors of the company, placed it into administration as a result of continuous failure on the part of the company to fulfill its commitment towards them in respect of the loan and borrowings (Cox and Hazen 2016). The board of the company appointed McGrath Nicole as administrators whereas the creditors, i.e. the two banks mentioned above, appointed Ferrier Hodgson as the same. Subsequent to this event on January 12 the Chief Executive Officer of the company, Mr. Nick Abboud stepped down from his post in the company. However, on 25th February, 2016 Ferrier Hodgson announced that they have failed to secure buyer / buyers for the company and t hus, have decided to close down the 363 DSE stores in different parts of Australia and New Zealand. As result of this decision, almost 2500 jobs were lost, these are the workers working in these stores. However, the online business of Dick Smith in Australia and New Zealand along with the trademark of the company was purchased by the Ruslan Kogans founded Kogan.com; though the liquidators and the receivers of Dick Smith did not disclose the amount paid by Kogan to acquire the online business and the trademark of the company. The creditors of the company according to the reports have suffered a loss to the tune of Australian $260 Million because of the liquidation of the company. The final settlement with the creditors of the company was made on 25th of July 2016 with whatever left of the company as on that date after the completion of the liquidation process. However, no proper account of liquidation process was published but the unsubstantiated report suggested that the creditors o f the company suffered a huge loss because of the liquidation of the company (DeTienne and Wennberg 2013). Position of creditors re receivership and liquidation The position of the creditors of the company is very difficult to express in words. According to the reports they have suffered losses of paramount proportion as a result of the complete failure of the company. The two major creditors of the company, i.e. the National Bank of Australia and HSBC Bank of Australia, who have put the company into administrations suffered huge losses too along with other creditors (Nowicki 2015). The total loss to the creditors as a result of the liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the company was well above Australian $250 Million and the two banks were the major creditors to lose huge amount of funds in the process. However, there was no other option left to these creditors as the company failed repeatedly to fulfil its commitment of repayment of loans and borrowings on time. The major reason for the inability of the administrators and receivers to not been able to realize the assets of the company was the lack of interests on the part of the buye rs to acquire the company. Thus, the liquidators were compelled to close down the 363 DES stores in Australia and New Zealand which if, could have been sold by the receivers would have helped them to realize substantial amount of profit to repay the part of debt to the creditors of the company. Thus, the position of the creditors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited was financially very fallible as they lost huge amount of funds as a result of the failure of Dick Smith and its subsequent dissolution. Directors Duty The directors of the company have certainly failed to fulfill their responsibilities towards the company which culminated to the final dissolution of the company. However, the worst fact was the involvement of some directors in insolvent trading which is not acceptable and is a punishable offence under the Corporations Act, 2001. The role of the directors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited in insolvent trading should have been investigated and if found guilty of such offence the guilty directors shall accordingly be punished. The directors found guilty of insolvent trading shall be personally liable to the creditors and other partiers in respect of the new debt incurred after the insolvency of the company. Thus, the directors of Dick Smith will be personally liable to make good the debts incurred by the company after the company has become insolvent (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). Conclusion: Based on the above discussion it is clear that the management of an organization has a huge role in the progressive development of such organization. Thus, the management should discharge its duties carefully to ensure that an organization is in the right path of achieving its objectives. The failure of Dick Smith is reminder to all of us the consequence of irresponsible behavior on the part of the management of an organization. References: Bill, A., 2016. From the Managing Partner.Newsletter. Giacalone, R.A. and Rosenfeld, P. eds., 2013.Impression management in the organization. Psychology Press. Speelman, E.N., Groot, J.C.J., Garca-Barrios, L.E., Kok, K., Van Keulen, H. and Tittonell, P., 2014. From coping to adaptation to economic and institutional changetrajectories of change in land-use management and social organization in a Biosphere Reserve community, Mexico.Land Use Policy,41, pp.31-44. Creasey, T., Jamieson, D.W., Rothwell, W.J. and Severini, G., 2016. Exploring the relationship between organization development and change management.Practicing Organization Development: Leading Transformation and Change, Fourth Edition, pp.330-337. Finkler, S.A., Smith, D.L., Calabrese, T.D. and Purtell, R.M., 2016.Financial management for public, health, and not-for-profit organizations. CQ Press. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Nowicki, M., 2015.Introduction to the financial management of healthcare organizations. Health Administration Press. McKinney, J.B., 2015.Effective financial management in public and nonprofit agencies. ABC-CLIO. Cui, X., Peng, S. and Zhou, W., 2016. Study on Legal Protection of Stakeholders After the Malicious Dissolution of the Company.Management Engineering, (23), p.141. DeTienne, D.R. and Wennberg, K., 2013. Small business exit: Review of past research, theoretical considerations and suggestions for future research. Cox, J. and Hazen, T., 2016.Business organizations law. West Academic.

Big And Working Girl, Corporate America Essays - Films, Working Girl

Big And Working Girl, Corporate America Stephen Ferruzza Professor Housel March 8, 2000 Essay # 2 Opinions and views that take place in Hollywood movies are intended to be realistic. To the viewer, the plots and stories seem so believable that reality becomes faded and a simulated world becomes present inside their minds. In the movies Big and Working girl, Corporate America is portrayed actually the way it is. The atmosphere in Corporate America has progressed toward a higher complexity. The education and skills needed to succeed must be met to rise the corporate ladder. Tess strives to better herself by taking speech class and attending seminars. Tess's knowledge and ambition also gave her the necessary advantage to enter into an esteemed brokerage firm. Here she was left with the desire to reach the top of corporate America(Working Girl). Taking the steps of going to school and acquiring a degree are key to the rise in Corporate America. Josh took a different path to the top. Without proper education, josh relied on his childish ways to succeed. Josh had insight that no one else in corperate America could posses. His creativity led him to design toys that kids liked to play with. Josh knew what the children wanted to play with because he was a customer. Because of his great creativity he was promoted vice president. As vice president in the toy company, josh made valuable contributions t o the company.(Big) In both movies, knowledge and skill was key to being successful. Without valuable contributions that both characters made, rising to the top would have taken years. Greed, scandals, favors, and corruption all take place in Corporate America. At the top of the ladder these evils start. With ultimate power over everyone below, co-workers beg for mercy. People in this world are greedy and will do anything to be powerful and successful. If you are honest, truthful, and work hard then you will be rewarded. The morals and ethics that both Josh and Tess practice made them good choices for promotions. Many things effect promotions including hard work. To rise up depends on the people you know and the way you act. Tess overcame the corruption that surrounding her. She stuck up for her ideas and was free to express her impressing ideas. Tess was told by her boss that only she could make it happen and she did. Because of greed or favors foul relationships happen within an office. Tess had to deal with her male boss trying to seduce her. Tess, needing a better job, was easy game for powerful executives looking for favors.(Working Girl) Harassment such as these happen numerous times throughout both movies. The truth is that it does happen more than a few times in the workplace. Recently however, new laws have been made to protect from such evilness. Harassment laws and awareness have still not done enough to stop abuse in the workplace because of the desire to get ahead. All the relationships within the movies are very realistic. Everyone is out to get ahead and however you get there seems fine. The politics that are involved inside the workplace are clearly shown when Tess gets a new female boss. Tess is told to share her ideas and make things happen. But when Tess shares a good idea the boss plans to steal it for her own to make her look good. (Working Girl) Scandals and corruption are common in real life and the movies clearly indicate the truth. Mixing pleasure with business also occurs in Corporate America. Business that happens during social gatherings is present in both movies. The way Tess dresses and acts, is clear that politics are important. Seduction and deception also take place during this event. The movies show everyone shaming and deceiving everybody to get noticed by the boss. Getting ahead in Corporate America takes lots of fakeness. Taking the boss to dinner or out to golf is what can lead to promotions. Getting on the good side of the boss is pointed out in big. When josh makes a bond with the boss at the toy store he immediately got a raise and a new office .(Big) Making good impressions and being a patsy is

final outline PIL Essay

final outline PIL Essay final outline PIL Essay Emily Clarke Public International Law Ludwikowski December 3, 2014 Outline-The Sindhu River Case BACKGROUND FACTS I. What is the Sindhu River and why is it important? The Sindhu River is a vital resource for transportation, food, and drinking water in the South Asian region between the countries Budhistan and Rajadesh. The river is roughly 2,000 miles long and flows into the Indian Ocean. The source of the river starts in Rajadesh and flows into Budhistan where it then empties into the Indian Ocean. The Sindhu River has experienced hardship from drought in the last twenty years. The Sindhu River shrank to roughly half its normal size, which led to the rationing of water for human consumption and agricultural purposes. This is also led to the area surrounding the river to be exposed to desertification in the area of the Rann Sindhu, which divides Rajadesh and Budhistan. In 1950, these two countries met together with United Nations Environmental Programme to decide how to prevent further desertification in the area. The result was the 1950 treaty-â€Å"The Convention on Friendship and Good Neighborly Relations† -which designated the Southern part of Rann Sindu as a border. II. Controversy with Sharing of the Sindhu River On the eve of the meeting, Rajadesh discovered that Budhistan had assigned government work crews in the desertified area where the Sindu River used to be in order to establish gas and drilling sites for commercial development. Rajadesh was outraged because they believed this margin of the Rann of Sindhu constituted the Rajadesh and Budhistan border. At the UNEP meeting, Rajadesh proposed the building of a large dam that would bring new innovation to this area in the form of hydroelectricity and irrigation methods. Budhistan did not agree to this plan, but Rajadesh proceeded to build the dam anyway since the Soviet Union agreed to finance and build the dam in exchange for oil and gas rights in Rajadesh. II. Problems Associated with the Build Dam There were positive and negative effects. A. Positive Effects The positive effects were that irrigation and agriculture greatly expanded into the area of Rajadesh. The land also became fertile and the hydroelectric power supply triggered more industries. On the other side of the border, Budhistan was hit with many undesirable effects from the dam. There received much less water flow, the water was unfit for human consumption and irrigation practices, and the water was contaminated from the pesticides and fertilizers. B. Negative Effects On the other side of the border, Budhistan was hit with many undesirable effects from the dam. They received much less water flow, the water was unfit for human consumption and irrigation practices, and the water was contaminated from the pesticides and fertilizers. The water levels were so contaminated that Budhistan’s annual religious baptismal ceremonies that took place in the river could be postponed. C. GROWING TENSIONS Budhistan threatened to close its ports and waterway of the Sindhu River from Rajadesh unless they returned the water levels to normal flow. Rajadesh in response blamed the Soviet Union for the problems since Soviet Union backed the building of the dam and its engineers built it. Budhistan and Rajadesh have concerns about The reasonable and equitable share utilization of the Sindhu River The pollution from the dam The concerns with freedom of navigation The border and boundaries of Budhistan and Rajadesh as defined by the Sindu River ARGUMENTS I. REASONABLE AND EQUITABLE SHARE UTILIZATION The Helsinki Rules on the Uses of the Waters International Rivers International guideline regulating how rivers and their connected groundwaters that cross the national boundaries may be used. Rules cannot really be enforced. The Berlin Rules on Water Resources is a set of guidelines that is customary applied to water sources when crossing international or national boundaries. It expands the Helsinki Rules.

Religion in Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Religion in Society - Essay Example Several religious organizations have been put up. These organizations are based on issues like abortion, family planning, gay marriages and education to disadvantaged children in the society. In the United States, the religious organizations are obtaining a lot of financial support from the political leaders by taking advantage of the development funds that each political leader receives (Wald, & Allison, 24). On the issue of elections, the fundamentalist Christians strongly support the association between politics and religious since they feel that when Christians are elected to participate in political leadership they will lead to a positive transformation of the government policies through application of Christianity principles. In the 2002 and 2004 election for instance, the evangelists united and voted for George W. Bush (Wald, & Allison, 210). The Muslims on the other hand have no distinction between the Muslim religious leaders and Muslim Government officials. In countries lik e Iran, the president takes orders from the Islamic Ayatollah. In the political and religious platforms, the most common feature is that the leaders want to take full control of people in all aspects. The strategy for success of these leaders is based on their ability to convince more people, in order to make them famous. In religion, the religious leaders are working towards having more converts while in the political, the political leaders are working towards having more voters in order to maintain their leadership roles. The religious leaders have authority over the converts; thus, they can influence the congregation in political matters by advising them to avoid voting for a particular political leader by using religious doctrines (Wald, & Allison, 97). Religion has an impact on legislation, because the major function of the government is to pass rules that are beneficial to the citizens.

Juvenille ofenders in criminal court Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Juvenille ofenders in criminal court - Essay Example This bias towards punishment and not rehabilitation is expressed by McCollum (as quoted in Redding 92) in support of the Federal law. The changes mean to satisfy concerns, increase juvenile justice efficiency and curb growth in juvenile offending. National transfer efforts make 2 percent of juvenile delinquency cases caused by judge’s willingness to transfer, large numbers of offenders and less treatment options in the juvenile system. J.S. Attorney General Janet Reno (as quoted in Redding 93) asserts that behind this response is unexplained delinquency characterized by sharp increment in violent index crimes. The transfer consequences for juveniles stated in Kent v. United States 1966 are longer prison sentences, loss of juvenile protective and rehabilitative possibilities, potential abuse in adult prisons and loss of rights associated with felony convictions. Other sanctions include loss of voting and firearm rights; ineligibility for military service; felony record and declaration of felony status on employment; negative influence on future criminal processing, prosecutions and sentencing; and exposure t o capital punishment. As the US Department of Justice 1999 stated (Redding 121), effects of transferring juvenile offenders have not been clear with studies showing short term actual increase in recidivism and society reintegration problems. Transfer policies must be enacted to ensure a smooth transition and justice be served in a fair manner. Purposes of transfer such as deterrence and community protection have not been achieved as formal criminal processing, conviction and sentencing seem to have little merit and many adverse consequences. Transfers don’t seem to promote community protection and decrease juvenile offender reformation (Redding 95). This means that a new approach in reference to the transfer of the juveniles must be evaluated to ensure protection of the community is enhanced by the judicial system. Penology policies to counter this

Coca Cola: Changing marketing environment

Coca Cola: Changing marketing environment Marketing environment are the actors and forces that affect a companys capability to operate effectively in providing products and services to its customers. The marketing environment consists of microenvironment (customer, competitors, distributors, and suppliers) and the macroenvironment (economic, social, political, legal, physical and technological forces). These shape the character of the opportunities and the threats facing a company and yet are largely uncontrollable. The major microenvironment that Coca-Cola is facing is its competitor, PepsiCo. Competitors have a major bearing on the performance of a company. It affects a companys capabilities to operate effectively in its chosen markets. For example, Coca-Cola was once successful and was the Wall Street favourite. It created a global brand and outperformed its arch-rival PepsiCo. However, by December 2005, its competitor, PepsiCo, for the first time in the history of the two companies, was valued more highly with a market capitalization of $98.4 billion against Coca-Colas $97.9 billion. Coca-colas number one status was starting to look vulnerable. It was losing market share to PepsiCo. The major macroenvironment that Coca-Cola is facing is Social/cultural forces. Social/cultural forces can have an impact on marketing decisions by changing demand patterns and creating new opportunities and threats. With the increasing numbers of health-conscious consumers, attitudes towards the demand for beverages are changing. The changes need to be monitored and understood so that marketing management is aware of the changing tastes and behaviour of consumers. Such changes can create demand shifts that can act as either opportunities or threats. In contrast to Coca-cola, PepsiCo considered the change an opportunity for business expansion. For example, PepsiCo diversified away from sugary fizzy drinks into a powerful portfolio of non-carbonated products. It bought the fruit juice business Tropicana and Quaker Oats. With these new businesses, the company has experienced double-digit growth, where as Coca-cola cherish the status quo and resist change. There are various ways companies can respond to the change in marketing environment, which are: ignorance, delay, retrenchment, gradual strategic repositioning and radical strategic repositioning. The first response of Coca-Cola to the changing marketing environment before the arrival of Mr Isdell to that of PepsiCo, is where Coca-Cola made no change to its strategy at the beginning after the death of Roberto Goizueta. It continued as normal, ignore its competitor, PepsiCo, which was threatening their existence. During that time, Coca-Cola was facing bungled takeovers, disastrous product launches, contamination scares, and constant feuding between factions within the management and boardroom. It still stayed put to Goizuetas philosophy, that is, it was that nothing could beat the low cost, high-profit -margin business of producing syrupy concentrate for bottlers, under licence. Between the competitions of the two companies, it had made consumers more cola-conscious. However, Coca-Cola rarely saw it like that due to the poor environment scanning. Coca-Cola appears to be internally orientated business, as it did not monitor and seek to understand customers, research competitor a nd their brands to understand theirs strengths, weaknesses, strategies and response patterns. Coca-Cola did not realize that salient forces are affecting their future prospects. Apart from the ignorant, Coca-Cola has delayed in their response to the marketing environment change. This can be caused by bureaucratic nature of their decision-making. Marketing myopia can slow response through management being product rather than customer focused. For example, despite the change in consumer tastes, lifestyle and expectations, Coca-cola is still focused on soft drinks where PepsiCo has already well diversified and even enter into snack food business. The result is that PepsiCo generates about 23 per cent of its worldwide profits from the stagnant carbonated drinks sector, while Coca-Cola relies on fizzy drinks for 80 per cent of profits. PepsiCos diversification programme and its branding-building expertise have made it the worlds fourth largest food and beverage company, ranking behind Nestle, Kraft and Unilever. Its sales were more than $43 billion compared with Coca-colas $32 billion in 2008. Slowly, Coca-cola has looked into gradual strategic repositioning. This involves a gradual, planned and continuous adaptation to the changing marketing environment. Coca-Cola has slowly and continually repositioned itself in response to its strong competition and the changing marketing environment. It has in fact gradually challenge its competitor by having launched Minute Maid fruit juice to challenge Tropicana, Dasani to take on Aquafina and so on, even though it seems to be playing catch-up. Compare to Coca-Cola, PepsiCo has adopted the radical strategic repositioning where it took part and involved by changing the direction of the business according to the change in marketing environment. For example, PepsiCo developed and marketed better alternative, more varieties and healthier beverages.

West Side Story Analysis Essay -- essays research papers

Characters/Roles. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Riff- He is the leader of the Jets. Founded it with Tony. A wild man that acts like a punk and dies in a fight. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bernado- Leader of the sharks, the Puerto Ricans, he is a young immigrant to America. He dies in a fight with Riff, but Tony kills him. He is integral in helping to spur the gang rivalry between the Sharks and the Jets. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Maria- She falls in love with Tony, a rival jet. They become lovers and due to her Tony dies, and the gang wars end. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Officer Grubky- A policeman, he hates both gangs, but favors the Jets. He helps to split the fights up. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tony- He helped to found the jets with Riff. Decided to go strait, but gets pulled back in. Dies due to his love with Maria. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Baby John- The youngest of the Jets, he is the â€Å"baby† of the gang, and tends to be the voice of reason because he is not totally emotionless. Plot Two gangs, the Sharks and the Jets, are in the middle of a turf war. However, two people, one from each side, fall in love. In a plot that is as Shakespearian as it gets, many of the characters die over pointless ends, all the time the love of Maria and Tony blossoms, but even Tony can’t escape the cruel fate, and is killed. Songs out of place I believe that all of the songs fit in the play. They are all able to capture the emotions that are expressed durin...

China’s One-Child Policy: Should It Be Abolished? Essay

After the People’s Republic of China had been founded in 1949, the improved sanitation and medicine promoted rapid population growth. Before long, the population boom started to take a major toll on the country’s food supply. Officials launched a campaign to promote birth control in 1955 in order to deal with the overpopulation. Their efforts were reversed though, in 1958 by the Great Leap Forward, which was Mao Zedong’s attempt to rapidly convert China into what he thought would be a modern industrialized state. By 1962, there was a massive famine in China that caused about 30 million deaths. During the aftermath of the famine, officials tried multiple times, with several different campaigns, to reduce the population. One of these campaigns was successful, using the slogan â€Å"Late, Long and Few.† China’s population growth fell by half from 1970 to 1976. The population growth then proceeded to level off, causing officials to seek more drastic measures to reduce population growth. This resulted in what is now known as China’s One Child Policy, which was introduced in 1979 (â€Å"Brief History†). The One Child Policy restricts urban couples from having more than one child. There are exceptions for rural families and ethnic minorities, officially anyway. There are many problems with the policy and it has been implicated in forced abortions and female infanticide. One of the biggest problems with the policy is that it is a violation to every person’s human rights. It violates not only a person’s right to privacy of information and their body and it also violates the basic human right to choose the size of one’s own family. The gender imbalance is another big problem with the policy and it is leaving many men without the option to get married and is affecting the crime rate in a negative way. There is also the relatively smaller issue of having an entire generation of only children and the possible social issues that that can cause. Another big problem is that there is an age disparity between the young and the old that is beginning to and will continue to have an impact on the economy of China. A big argument against the policy is also that it was never needed in the first place. The One Child Policy in China needs to be abolished. China’s One-Child Policy violates a human right to determine the size of one’s own family. No family should be forced to only have one child by any government, and that is exactly what the Chinese government is doing to their citizens. Chinese officials have said before that the one-child policy is optional. The catch is that the violators of the policy will be fined. For example, in an article by Debra Cassens Weiss, who holds a J.D. from DePaul University College of Law and a B.A. in English from the University of Illinois, she talks about Yang Zhitzhu, a law professor at China Youth University for Political Sciences, who was charged a $37,000 â€Å"social upbringing fee† in 2009 for violating the one-child policy. He also lost his job and, as a protest, put himself up for sale, vowing to serve his master until death, for $100,000. Also, because he did not pay the fee, his second daughter will not be granted household registration papers that would entitle her to a public education and healthcare. So, not only does the father get fined and lose his job because he decided to have a second child, his daughter now also has to suffer. Why should the daughter be punished for something the father did, when she did nothing to deserve the punishment? No person should be punished for being born. Executive director, Harry Wu, of the Laogi Research Foundation, which is an organization that collects information about forced labor camps and other human rights violations in China, wrote an article talking about Gao Xiao Duan and her testimony about the one-child policy in front of the House of Representatives Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights on June 10, 1998. Gao was worked as an administrator at the Yonghe town planned-birth office. â€Å"She was to carry out the dictates of the communist regime in accordance with the ‘one child’ policy.† She explained in the hearing her daily duties. Gao issued â€Å"‘birth allowance’ certificates to women who meet the policy and regulations of the central and provincial planned-birth committees.† She issued â€Å"birth-not-allowed notices† notices as well, which were made public for the purpose of making it known to everybody that the couple was in violation of the one-child policy, facilitating the supervision of the couple. Gao also issued â€Å"birth control measures implementation notices.† This meant that all women who were of child-bearing age were notified that they must have contraceptive device reliability and pregnancy examinations when necessary. If a woman failed to arrive for one of these, a supervision team would apprehend her and force her to have the examinations required. Issuing notices on whether or not a woman can have a child violates the basic human right to be able to choose whether or not she wants to have a child violates the privacy of information of the citizens of China. And requiring them to have examinations on the reliability of their contraceptive device and their pregnancy status is a violation of every human’s right to privacy over their own body. The idea that the women are taken and forced to have theses examinations takes away any freedom that they could have had over the issue, and that shows that the Chinese government has too much control over the citizens of China when it comes to the one-child policy. Another problem with the One-Child Policy is the growing gender imbalance in China. In January 2010 the Chinese Academy of Social Science (CASS) said that within ten years, one in five young men would not be able to find a wife because of the shrinking amount of women in the country. According to the CASS, China will have 30 million to 40 million more men, ages 19 and under, than women by 2020. To put this into perspective, there are about 23 million boys age 20 and under in Germany, France, and Britain combined. There are about 40 million boys in the Unites States (â€Å"Worldwide War†). This means that China has enough men outnumbering women to populate Europe’s three most populated countries or to populate the entire United States male population. The sex ratio in China has been growing significantly since the 1980’s. The sex ratio in China for the generation born between 1985 and 1989 was 108 (meaning there were 108 males born for every 100 females), which is considered to be a little out of the natural range. For the generation born between 200 and 2004, the sex ratio was an astounding 124. And according to the CASS, the ratio is at 123 today, which is said to be biologically impossible without human intervention (â€Å"Worldwide War†). This is on the national level, once someone looks into the different regions and provinces in China they get a clearer picture of how bad the imbalance is. In an analysis of Chinese household data carried out in 2005 and then reported to the British Medical Journal, only a single region, Tibet, has a sex range that are considered to be within the bounds of nature. Fourteen more provinces have a sex ratio of above 120. And two more had an extremely unnatural rate of over 130 (â€Å"Worldwide War†). Then gender imbalance is causing more problems than just men not being able to find a bride though. It is also affecting the amount of crimes being committed in China. â€Å"Throughout human history, young men have been responsible for the vast preponderance of crime and violence—especially single men in countries where status and social acceptance depend on being married and having children† ( â€Å"Worldwide War†). This could very easily mean a lot of trouble for China, as there crime rate keeps rising. China’s crime rate has almost doubled in the past twenty years because of the rising sex ratio. A study into whether the sex ratio and the crime rate were connected concluded that about one-seventh of the crime rate increase was accounted to the rising sex ration. Some of the biggest crimes on the rise are said to be bride abduction, trafficking of women, prostitution, and rape (â€Å"Worldwide War†). With one-seventh of the crime rate rise being accounted to the gender imbalance and the gender imbalance becoming more and more lopsided, China is in big trouble if they don’t do something about the gender imbalance soon. They could just throw everybody who commits a crime in prison, but they will surely run out of room at some point. China needs to address the issue of the gender imbalance by looking back at what they can do to alter the one-child policy so it does not favor having a boy if they will not get rid of the policy altogether. Another issue with the One-Child Policy in China is that it leaves an entire generation of only children. In March of 2007 delegates of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the top political advisory body in China, stated that China should abolish the One Child Policy because â€Å"it creates social problems and personality disorders in young people† (â€Å"Consultative Conference†). Only Children are known to be more selfish and have a harder time communicating with peers, which is a problem if you have an entire generation of what are being called â€Å"Little Emperors† There is also the issue of the increase in percentage of citizens over the age of sixty and decrease in percentage of younger citizens. The latest census information shows that the policy has been working. The population rose to 1.34 billion as of last year from 1.27 billion in 2000. This puts the average annual growth at 0.57 percent for the decade. Compared to the previous decade, which had an average annual growth of 1.07 percent, this is a good decrease for the country. The problem, however, is that the census also shows that citizens over the age of 60 now represent 13.3 percent of China’s population, which is an increase from 10.3 percent in 2000. And also the amount of future workers, age 14 and under, has been shrinking. Citizens age 14 and under now make up 16.6 percent of the population, which is a drop from 23 percent in 2000 (â€Å"Plan Faces New Fire†). To help paint the picture even more, by 2030, the number of citizens in their 20’s is going to drop by 35percent and the number of citizens ages 55 to 60 is going to increase by 60 percent. The number of people ages 65 and over is going to jump by an even more astounding 100 percent in the same period of time (Elizabeth Economy). This basically means that China’s elderly population is rapidly growing as the generation before the One-Child Policy are retiring, putting an extremely heavy burden on the rest of Chinese society to cover the cost of their retirement. While the retirees are rapidly growing, the workforce is even more rapidly shrinking. This will begin â€Å"reversing the demographic phenomenon of a widening pool of low-cost labor that powered a manufacturing boom over the past three decades† (â€Å"Plan Faces New Fire†). This leads to a subsequent problem caused by the retirees growing and workers shrinking, and that problem is that it is crippling China’s economy. For example, in an article in Bloomberg Businessweek, Kevin Hamlin, a reporter for Bloomberg News, talks about Lin Chang Jie, who is battling to save his family’s business. He is faced with a dwindling supply of workers, forcing him to pay higher wages. Lin must attempt to change his Dejin Textile into an online fashion retailer in order to reduce headcount and keep his business from failing like many others. Lin is having such a problem because the decrease in labor is largely the unskilled labor that is used in factories to produce low-margin goods, such as clothes, toys and furniture. The lack of unskilled labor is a huge problem considering these low-margin goods made up 68 percent of China’s exports last year according to China’s customs agency. According to Hamlin’s article, the upward pressure on wages is forcing mainland companies to upgrade to what are considered to be higher-value products. China may have as few as five years to make the transition to avoid a economic slump because growth may decline from 2016 to 2020 as low-cost producers begin to fail and investment starts to fall away. There is also what is called the four-two-one problem, which will have a negative effect on the economy on the individual level. The four-two-one problem is that the citizens who grew up as only children will be forced to support up to six people by themselves. They will have to support their parents when they retire and up to four grandparents. Because men outnumber women so greatly, that leaves a lot of single men to support both their parents and grandparents. This will cause individual citizens to save more money and in the process hurt the economy because they aren’t putting as much money back into it. Chinese officials would argue that the economy improved as a result of the One-Child policy. While the economy has improved during the length of the policy, that doesn’t mean that the policy should receive credit for the improvement. China’s economy made great advances before the One-Child Policy too. What is to say that the economic advances should not be attributed to the economic reforms rather than to the population policy? If China does not do something about the One-Child Policy causing a disparity in age, they could be looking at a huge economic downfall. This downfall will be as a result of failing companies and lack of investment as well as the lack of spending on the individual level due to the four-two-one problem. There are also some people who say, even though the policy seems to be doing its job, that the One-Child Policy was unnecessary in the first place. An advocacy group that is made up of two dozen leading demographers, economists and former Family Planning officials joined together to fight the policy in 2000. This group, who knew that China’s fertility rate was declining before the One-Child Policy began in 1980. The fertility rate hade dropped to 2.7 in 1979 from 5.5 in 1970 because of a policy that encouraged, but did not force, Chinese citizens to marry later, wait longer between children, and have fewer babies. The group also knew that fertility rates in other developing countries showed similar results. Because of this information, group members began to conduct quiet field research to prove that China’s fertility rate had fallen well below what is known as the replacement rate of 2.1. The replacement rate is generally required to keep a population stable. Taking into account exemptions, the group calculated that the fertility rate should be 1.47 if the policy was implemented correctly. As of today, the group says the fertility rate has been about 1.8, well below 2.1, since 1991. The group assumes that many children are born secretly to avoid fines and that if you take that out the fertility rate is actually between 1.5 and 1.6 (â€Å"Plan Faces New Fire†). While the group is only arguing for a two-child policy at minimum, their point is that the One-Child Policy never needed to be implemented in the first place. China would have had a fertility rate closer to the replacement rate if it would have continued to just encourage citizens to have fewer kids and get married later. Why should China keep a policy that is hurting the country if it was not needed in the first place? China’s One-Child Policy needs to be taken away. The policy violates the basic human rights of any person. Every person living on this planet has the basic right to choose the size of their own family; it shouldn’t be decided by the government of any country. Even though some Chinese officials have said the policy is optional, the government heavily fines those who violate it, $37,000 in the case of Yang Zhitzhu. And, as explained by Gao Xiao Duan’s testimony, the policy also violates human privacy over one’s own body by being forced to take examinations on their state of pregnancy or whether or not their contraceptive device is functioning properly. There is also an obvious violation of Chinese citizens’ right to privacy of their information. The gender imbalance, which is far above the natural range, is leaving men unable to find a bride and is directly linked to China’s increasing crime rates. When a policy is connected to an increase crimes such as rape, kidnapping, and prostitution it is a policy that should not exist. Also, the growing age disparity is crippling the economy in China. It will be more evident in a few years, but shrinking work force along with the growing amount of retirees are beginning to destroy the unskilled labor jobs, which were the cause of China’s economic boom to begin with. And the four-two-one problem is hampering economic growth because citizens are forced to save more money instead of putting it back into the economy. There is also the fact that the policy may not have been needed in the first place and that the fertility rate in China is dangerously lower than the replacement rate of 2.1, making it impossible to have a stable population. If the policy was not needed to begin with and it isn’t really helping the country, China must get rid of it. So yes, the one child policy has reduced the growth of the population significantly, but at what cost is it being done?

What Are Little Boys Made Of By An Unknown Author

What are women made of is it† ribbons and laces, and sweet pretty faces† (15-16) as portrayed in the poem â€Å"What Are Little Boys Made Of† by an unknown author in the 1800s or is it something more. This innocent poem seeks to portray women as gently and beautiful creatures incapable of fighting. This stereotype has followed women throughout history and continues today with women being excluded from combat positions within the United States military. Women fighting on the frontlines is a topic that has stirred a lot of controversy in the last few years. This comes about from the uplifting of the ban that prohibited women to fight in combat. Though the Women’s Armed Services Integration Act in 1948, created a corps for women in every†¦show more content†¦They can join the Military but they can have no part in combat. This shouldn’t be, qualifications for being able to fight on the battle field should be based on whether or not the indiv idual is physically and mentally ready for war, the sex of the individual should not be the determining factor. Woman in the United States are equal to men and the stigma that war is a man’s thing, has created a lot of controversy, especially in the society that we live in now. Women in our society are breaking away from the limits set from the past generations; redefining what they are made of. Women are now taking and seeking roles that were once considered only for men. Just like in our society, women are trying to advance in the military. Advancing in the military, not only being able to fight in combat, but also reaching some of the highest military rankings. The leap for women being able to fight in combat came this past January, when the United States Department of Defense, uplifted the ban on women being able to fight in combat. A woman representing her country by joining the military is something that not only takes great sacrifice, but courage as well, and they dese rve the utmost respect. If women are willing to risk her life for the sake of her country, just like men, shouldn’t they be allowed to partake in combat? War is as much physical as it is mental. Opponents argue that women are not made of the right stuff to succeed out in the battlefield. A male made